Financial markets endured a rough patch this week, with a broad sell off across equities reflecting anxiety about the threat AI could pose to earnings and employment, the path of interest rates, and the durability of the ongoing expansion. That market reaction stood in contrast to the message from the January employment report. Payrolls growth came in well ahead of expectations, accompanied by a further dip in the unemployment rate. While revisions did reveal that job growth over much of 2025 was weaker than previously thought, the January rebound suggests that labor demand remains intact (Chart 1). 

The rest of the data flow painted a more mixed picture of the economy. Headline CPI inflation came in softer than expected this morning, but core CPI picked up the most since August. Services inflation heated up while core goods inflation (excluding used vehicles) rose at its fastest monthly pace in nearly a year. The inflation report comes at a pivotal moment, as reports that the Trump administration may scale back its steel and aluminum tariffs suggest the administration is conscious of inflation risks. 

Retail sales ended 2025 on a soft note. December sales were flat after a solid November, and downward revisions tempered the momentum implied by earlier releases. Housing data were also notably weak. Existing home sales posted their largest monthly decline in nearly four years in January, reflecting a combination of affordability constraints and bad weather (Chart 2). 

Markets, meanwhile, struggled to reconcile the week’s macro data with a less accommodating policy backdrop. The equity sell off reflected concerns about growth-sensitive sectors and fear that advancements in AI may dislodge large incumbents across a wide swath of the economy, and a reassessment of the path for interest rates following a string of Fed communications. Market pricing for the Federal Reserve to reduce rates in its June meeting have fallen from 60% to around 50% over the course of this week. Speeches this week from Federal Reserve officials revealed a balance of opinion. More hawkish voices stressed that inflation remains above target and warned against premature easing, while others acknowledged that, even with a strong jobs report, there is still an argument for rate cuts later this year if disinflation continues. On balance, we read the prevailing sentiment from Fed officials as one of patience rather than urgency, but still hold on to our call for a rate cut in June. This morning’s softer CPI release may help move the Fed’s perceived balance of risks slightly towards easing, particularly if the disinflationary pressure were to persist over the coming months. 

Looking ahead, our eyes will be on next week’s release of the FOMC meeting minutes, which should provide additional insight into how policymakers have been weighing inflation risks against signs of labor market stabilization. And next Friday’s PCE inflation and consumer spending data will be helpful in assessing the durability of consumer spending and the extent of momentum in recent inflation data.